Google, CIA Invest in ‘Future’ of Web Monitoring

WIRED– The investment arms of the CIA and Google are both backing a company that monitors the web in real time — and says it uses that information to predict the future.

The company is called Recorded Future, and it scours tens of thousands of websites, blogs and Twitter accounts to find the relationships between people, organizations, actions and incidents — both present and still-to-come. In a white paper, the company says its temporal analytics engine “goes beyond search” by “looking at the ‘invisible links’ between documents that talk about the same, or related, entities and events.”

The idea is to figure out for each incident who was involved, where it happened and when it might go down. Recorded Future then plots that chatter, showing online “momentum” for any given event.

“The cool thing is, you can actually predict the curve, in many cases,” says company CEO Christopher Ahlberg, a former Swedish Army Ranger with a PhD in computer science.

Which naturally makes the 16-person Cambridge, Massachusetts, firm attractive to Google Ventures, the search giant’s investment division, and to In-Q-Tel, which handles similar duties for the CIA and the wider intelligence community.

It’s not the very first time Google has done business with America’s spy agencies. Long before it reportedly enlisted the help of the National Security Agency to secure its networks, Google sold equipment to the secret signals-intelligence group. In-Q-Tel backed the mapping firm Keyhole, which was bought by Google in 2004 — and then became the backbone for Google Earth.

This appears to be the first time, however, that the intelligence community and Google have funded the same startup, at the same time. No one is accusing Google of directly collaborating with the CIA. But the investments are bound to be fodder for critics of Google, who already see the search giant as overly cozy with the U.S. government, and worry that the company is starting to forget its “don’t be evil” mantra.

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© COPYRIGHT WIRED, 2010

No More Net Neutrality? New Ruling Eliminates FCC Authority

SALON– The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia ruled today [PDF] that the Federal Communications Commission doesn’t have the authority to enforce “net neutrality,” which requires companies to treat all traffic over their networks equally.

The case was brought by Comcast. A little history: the initial case started in 2007, when Comcast customers noticed the company was “throttling,” or slowing/stopping, peer-to-peer network sharing. (Peer-to-peer network sharing has many legitimate uses, but it is most known, of late, for being the way that BitTorrent and other media downloading apparatuses make illegal sharing of copyrighted materials possible).

Why would Comcast care if people were sharing files? For a couple of reasons. Shared media files are often large (think: movie downloads) and take up a lot of bandwidth. Also, Comcast, being a cable company, is in the business of charging people to watch movies and television shows; if people are able to access those programs for free, it loses money. Beyond all of that, Comcast could afford to make P2P sharers angry — in many places, your choice for fast Internet service is Comcast or no one. The fact that Comcast could do this under a thin veil of claiming to be stopping media piracy was just the icing on the cake. The choice to throttle made all kinds of business sense.

Customers, however, were not happy, and two groups filed complaints with the FCC. The FCC told Comcast, “Hey, not cool,” saying the throttling violated the FCC’s “Internet Policy Statement,” which holds that “consumers are entitled to access the lawful Internet content of their choice.” Because that rule already existed, the FCC said it didn’t even need to issue new rules to handle this problem and could, instead, just tell Comcast to knock it off. Comcast agreed. They’d already changed the way they were doing things, so the FCC just made them publish those changes for customers, and said, essentially, if you do this again, we’re gonna make a rule.

Is everyone happy? No. Enter the court challenge. Comcast played along, but it also saw an opening to challenge this FCC ruling. It did so on three points: that the FCC doesn’t have the authority to intervene in how Comcast (and other companies) manage their networks; that the FCC has no real power to adjudicate disputes (that it can only solve problems by issuing rules, not by choosing sides); and that the initial order was “so poorly reasoned as to be arbitrary and capricious.”

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Photo by flickr user Adrienne Serra

© COPYRIGHT SALON, 2010

Comcast Blocks Internet Traffic

MSNBC– Comcast Corp. actively interferes with attempts by some of its high-speed Internet subscribers to share files online, a move that runs counter to the tradition of treating all types of Net traffic equally.

The interference, which The Associated Press confirmed through nationwide tests, is the most drastic example yet of data discrimination by a U.S. Internet service provider. It involves company computers masquerading as those of its users.

If widely applied by other ISPs, the technology Comcast is using would be a crippling blow to the BitTorrent, eDonkey and Gnutella file-sharing networks. While these are mainly known as sources of copyright music, software and movies, BitTorrent in particular is emerging as a legitimate tool for quickly disseminating legal content.

The principle of equal treatment of traffic, called “Net Neutrality” by proponents, is not enshrined in law but supported by some regulations. Most of the debate around the issue has centered on tentative plans, now postponed, by large Internet carriers to offer preferential treatment of traffic from certain content providers for a fee.

Comcast’s interference, on the other hand, appears to be an aggressive way of managing its network to keep file-sharing traffic from swallowing too much bandwidth and affecting the Internet speeds of other subscribers.

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© COPYRIGHT Associated Press, 2007

Internet Providers Want to Meter Usage

MSNBC– If Internet service providers’ current experiments succeed, subscribers may end up paying for high-speed Internet based on how much material they download. Trials with such metered access, rather than the traditional monthly flat fee for unlimited connection time, offer enough bandwidth that they won’t affect many consumers — yet.

But as more people use the Internet to watch TV and stream movies, they could bump up against the metered rates’ caps, paying expensive over-use fees. Watching a movie may then require paying two fees: one for the movie, another to the cable company.

More and more television programming and movies are available online, through sites including Hulu, Netflix Watch Instantly, YouTube and Amazon.com’s Video on Demand.

“If you wanted to watch TV over the Internet in 2000, you had to be willing to take much less content than cable,” said Bobby Tulsiani, a senior analyst with Forrester Research in New York. “Now you get much, much more. Of course, you’re still watching on your PC, not your TV, so there are tradeoffs, but they are tradeoffs many people are willing to make.”

Most consumers probably don’t realize how much bandwidth their Internet usage consumes, because they’ve never had to care. Time Warner, the nation’s third-largest Internet service provider, in its five experimental markets is offering 5 gigabytes of downloaded Internet content for $29.95 per month. That translates to 15 hours of viewing standard-definition video, or 350,000 e-mails, or 170 hours of online gaming, or some combination of those activities, according to the company. A high-definition movie consumes about 7GB of bandwidth.

In addition to compelling consumers to monitor their Internet usage, metering could have broad societal effects, including disenfranchising the poor, retarding network growth and discouraging innovation, some experts say.

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© COPYRIGHT MSNBC, 2009

Group Says Verizon Reaped $2 Billion from False Promises

PITTSBURGH LIVE– In the midst of a battle with state regulators over the capability of its broadband service, Verizon Communications is now being challenged by a consumer group that says the telecommunications giant owes Pennsylvanians $2.1 billion for promising a faster network than it has delivered.

The accusation by TeleTruth, a New York City-based nonprofit, cites the same 1995 network modernization agreement between the state and Bell Atlantic — now called Verizon since its 2000 merger with GTE — that is currently in dispute between the company and state regulators.

In exchange for Bell Atlantic’s promises to provide broadband service to customers in every corner of its service territory by 2015, state regulators lifted limits on the company’s profits, although they devised a formula to keep the company’s rates tied to the rate of inflation.

TeleTruth’s chairman, Bruce Kushnick, said Verizon pulled off a “bait and switch” when it promised public utility commissioners that it would build a high-speed network requiring fiber-optic or another advanced technology throughout its territory by 2015, then delivered service on “100-year-old copper wires.”

The digital subscriber line, or DSL, service that Verizon offers on its copper-wire network can carry data, audio and video at speeds up to 1.5 megabits per second, or nearly 27 times faster than the fastest available dial-up modems.

But a majority of state regulators, the state’s consumer advocate, and now TeleTruth insist that Verizon in 1995 made an unambiguous commitment to provide broadband access with speeds of 45 megabits per second to customers within five days of requesting it.

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© Copyright 2003 Associated Press